European Green Deal ke eng?

E tsebisitsoe ke Khomishene ea Europe ka December 2019, European Green Deal e ikemiselitse ho beha EU tseleng e lebisang phetohong e tala mme qetellong.finyellaveho se nke lehlakore ha boemo ba leholimo ka 2050.

European Green Deal ke sephutheloana sa maano a leano ho tloha ho boemo ba leholimo, tikoloho, matla, lipalangoang, indasteri, temo, ho ea licheleteng tse tsitsitseng. Sepheo sa eona ke ho fetola EU hore e be moruo o atlehileng, oa morao-rao le oa tlhōlisano, ho netefatsa hore maano 'ohle a amehang a kenya letsoho ho sepheo sa ho qetela sa ho se nke lehlakore.

Ke Mehato Efe e Kenyellelitsoeng ke Green Deal?

—-E lekana le 55

Sephutheloana sa Fit for 55 se ikemiselitse ho etsa hore sepheo sa Green Deal e be molao, se bolelang phokotso ea bonyane 55% ea tlhahiso ea khase e futhumatsang lefatše ka 2030.TheSephutheloana se na le letoto la litlhahiso tsa molao le liphetoho ho melao e teng ea EU, e etselitsoeng ho thusa EU ho fokotsa ho ntšoa ha likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše le ho finyella ho se nke lehlakore ha boemo ba leholimo.

—-Leano la Tšebetso ea Moruo oa Circle

Ka la 11 Hlakubele 2020, Khomishene ea Europe e phatlalalitse "Leano le Lecha la Ts'ebetso ea Moruo bakeng sa Europe e Hloekileng le e Hlolisanang haholoanyane", e sebetsang e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea European Green Deal, e hokahaneng haufi le Leano la Liindasteri la Europe.

Leano la Ts'ebetso le hlakisa lintlha tsa bohlokoa tse 35, 'me moralo oa leano la sehlahisoa e le karolo ea mantlha, e kenyeletsang moralo oa sehlahisoa, lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso, le matsapa a matlafatsang bareki le bareki ba sechaba. Mehato e tsepamisitsoeng maikutlo e tla shebana le liketane tsa bohlokoa tsa lihlahisoa tse kang lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le ICT, libeteri le makoloi, liphutheloana, lipolasetiki, masela, kaho le meaho, hammoho le lijo, metsi le limatlafatsi. Litokiso tsa leano la litšila le tsona li lebelletsoe. Haholo-holo, Leano la Ts'ebetso le na le likarolo tse 'ne tse kholo:

• Circularity in Sustainable Product Lifecycle
• Ho matlafatsa Bareki
• Targeting Key Industries
• Ho Fokotsa Matlakala

Circularity in the Development and Production of Sustainable Products

Karolo ena e etselitsoe ho netefatsa hore lihlahisoa li tšoarella nako e telele le ho lokisoa habonolo, ho matlafatsa bareki ho etsa khetho e tšoarellang.

Eletšoao la khoutu

Ho tloha ka 2009, Ecodesign Directive e thehile litlhoko tsa ts'ebeliso ea matla tse koahelang lihlahisoa tse fapaneng (mohlala, likhomphutha, lihatsetsi, lipompo tsa metsi).Ka la 27 Motšeanong 2024, Lekhotla le ile la amohela litlhoko tse ncha tsa ecodesign bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa moshoelella.

Melao e mecha e ikemiselitse ho:

² Beha litlhoko tsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho bakeng sa hoo e batlang e le thepa eohle e behiloeng 'marakeng oa EU

² Etsa liphasepoto tsa lihlahisoa tsa dijithale tse fanang ka leseli mabapi le ho tšoarella ha tikoloho ea lihlahisoa

² Thibela ho senngoa ha thepa e itseng e sa rekisoeng (masela le lieta)

²

Rbosiuho lokisa

EU e batla ho etsa bonnete ba hore bareki ba ka batla tokiso ho e-na le ho e nchafatsoa haeba sehlahisoa se senyehile kapa se na le bothata. Melao e mecha e tloaelehileng e ile ea sisinngoa ka Hlakubele 2023 ho thibela ho lahla thepa e ka lokisoang pele ho nako.

Ka la 30 Motšeanong 2024, Lekhotla le ile la amohela Taelo ea Tokelo ea Tokiso (R2R).Litaba tsa eona tsa mantlha li kenyelletsa:

² Bareki ba na le tokelo ea ho kopa bahlahisi ho lokisa lihlahisoa tse ka lokisoang ho latela molao oa EU (joalo ka mechini ea ho hlatsoa liaparo, li-vacuum cleaners kapa mehala ea cellular).

² Letlapa la mahala la litaba tsa tokiso ea Europe

² Sethala sa litšebeletso tsa Marang-rang se hokahanyang bareki le basebetsi ba tlhokomelo

² Nako ea melato ea morekisi e atolosoa ka likhoeli tse 12 ka mor'a ho lokisoa ha sehlahisoa

Molao o motjha o tla boela o fokotse tshenyo le ho kgothaletsa mekgwa ya kgwebo ya moshwelella ka ho kgothatsa bahlahisi le bareki ho lelefatsa bophelo ba dihlahiswa tsa bona.

Sedikadikwe sa tshebetso ya tlhahiso

Taelo ea Mosi oa Liindasteri ke molao o ka sehloohong oa EU o sebetsanang le tšilafalo ea indasteri.

EU haufinyane tjena e ntlafalitse taelo ea ho tšehetsa indasteri boitekong ba eona ba ho fihlela sepheo sa EU sa tšilafalo ea lefela ka 2050, haholo-holo ka ho tšehetsa mahlale a moruo oa potoloho le matsete. Ka Pulungoana 2023, Lekhotla la EU le Paramente ea Europe li fihletse tumellano ea nakoana mabapi le tokiso ea Taelo lipuisanong tse tharo. Molao o mocha o amohetsoe ke Lekhotla ka Mmesa 2024.

Matlafatsa bareki

EU e batla ho thibela lik'hamphani ho etsa lipolelo tse khelosang mabapi le melemo ea tikoloho ea lihlahisoa le litšebeletso tsa tsona.

Ka la 20 Hlakola 2024, Lekhotla le ile la amohela taelo e reretsoeng ho matlafatsa tokelo ea bareki ea phetoho e tala. Basebelisi ba EU ba tla:

² Ho fumana lintlha tse tšepahalang ho etsa khetho e nepahetseng ea botala, ho kenyeletsoa le ho tsoa kapele

² Tšireletso e betere khahlanong le litseko tse sa lokang tse tala

² Utloisisa hamolemo ho lokisoa ha sehlahisoa pele u se reka

Taelo e boetse e hlahisa leibole e ts'oanang e nang le tlhaiso-leseling mabapi le litiisetso tsa nako e telele tsa khoebo tse fanoeng ke moetsi.

Sepheo sa liindasteri tsa bohlokoa

Morero oa ts'ebetso o tsepamisitse maikutlo libakeng tse ikhethileng tse jang lisebelisoa tse ngata le tse nang le bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho e sebelisa hape.

Charger

Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki ke o mong oa melapo ea litšila e ntseng e hola ka potlako ho EU. Ka hona, Circular Economy Action Plan e fana ka maikutlo a mehato ea ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea nako e telele le ho sebetsa hantle ha lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki. Ka November 2022, EU e ile ea amohelaTaelo ea Chaja e Akaretsang, e tla etsa hore likou tsa ho tjhaja tsa mofuta oa C tsa USB e be tlamo bakeng sa mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki (liselefounu, li-consoles tsa lipapali tsa video, likonopo tse se nang mohala, lilaptop, jj.).

Lithelefono tsa thekeng le li-tablet

Melao e mecha ea EU e tla thusa bareki ho reka mehala ea thekeng le likhomphutha tse sebetsang hantle, tse tšoarellang le ho lokisoa habonolo 'marakeng oa EU hobane:

² Melao ea Ecodesign e behile litlhokahalo tse tlase bakeng sa ho tšoarella ha betri, ho fumaneha ha likarolo tse ling, le lintlafatso tsa sistimi ea ts'ebetso.

² Melao ea lileibole tsa matla e laela hore ho bontšoe lintlha tse mabapi le ho sebetsa hantle ha matla le bophelo ba betri, hammoho le lintlha tsa ho lokisoa.

Mekhatlo ea Eu e ntse e ntlafatsa melao ea lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki tse senyehileng, ho kenyelletsa le mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa tse kang likhomphutha, lihatsetsi le liphanele tsa photovoltaic.

Betri le betri ea litšila

Ka 2023, EU e ile ea amohela molao oa libeteri o ikemiselitseng ho theha moruo o chitja bakeng sa indasteri ka ho shebana le mekhahlelo eohle ea bophelo ba betri, ho tloha ho moralo ho isa ho lahla litšila. Mohato ona ke oa bohlokoa, haholo-holo ho latela tsoelo-pele ea likoloi tsa motlakase.

Sephutheloana

Ka Pulungoana 2022, Lekhotla le ile la etsa tlhahiso ea liphetoho melaong ea litšila ea ho paka le ho e paka. Khomishene e fihletse tumellano ea nakoana le Paramente ea Europe ka Hlakubele 2024.

E meng ea mehato ea bohlokoa ea tlhahiso e kenyelletsa:

² Ho pakaphokotso ea litšilalipehelo boemong ba Naha ea Litho

² Fokotsa liphutheloana tse feteletseng

² E ts'ehetsa ho sebelisoa hape le lisebelisoa tsa tlatsetso

² Tšireletso e tlamang ea depositi bakeng sa libotlolo tsa polasetiki le makotikoti a aluminium

Plastiki

Ho tloha 2018, European Circular Economy Plastics Strategy e ikemiselitse ho ntlafatsa ho sebelisoa hape ha liphutheloana tsa polasetiki le ho fana ka karabelo e matla ho li-microplastics.

² Etsa hore ho sebelisoa hape le ho fokotsa litšila bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa bohlokoa

² Leano le lecha la lipolasetiki tse thehiloeng linthong tse phelang, tse ka senyehang le tse manyolo ka litlama ho hlakisa moo lipolasetiki tsena li ka tlisang melemo ea sebele tikolohong.

² Nka mehato ea ho sebetsana le ho lokolloa ka boomo ha li-microplastics tikolohong ho fokotsa litšila tsa polasetiki

Lisebelisoa

Leano la Khomishene ea EU bakeng sa Masela a Tšireletsehileng le a Circle a ikemiselitse ho etsa hore masela a tšoarelle, a lokisoe, a sebelisoe hape hape a sebelisoe hape ka 2030.

Ka Phupu 2023, Komisi e ile ea etsa tlhahiso:

² Etsa hore bahlahisi ba ikarabelle bakeng sa nako eohle ea bophelo ba lihlahisoa tsa masela ka ho eketsa boikarabelo ba moetsi

² Potlakisa nts'etsopele ea lefapha le arohaneng la pokello ea masela, ho hlopha, ho sebelisoa hape le ho sebelisoa hape, kaha linaha tseo e leng Litho li tlameha ho theha mokhoa o ikhethileng oa pokello ea masela a ntlo pele ho la 1 Pherekhong 2025.

² Rarolla bothata ba ho romela litšila tsa masela kantle ho molao

Lekhotla le ntse le hlahloba tlhahiso tlas'a tsamaiso e tloaelehileng ea molao.

Melao e tsitsitseng ea ecodesign ea lihlahisoa le melao ea lipalangoang tsa litšila le eona e lebelletsoe ho thusa ho beha litlhoko tsa moshoelella bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa masela le ho fokotsa thomello ea litšila tsa masela.

Clihlahisoa tsa litaelo

Ka Tšitoe 2023, Lekhotla le Paramente li fihletse tumellano ea nakoana mabapi le lihlomathiso tsa molao oa lihlahisoa tsa kaho tse sisintsoeng ke Khomishene. Melao e mecha e hlahisa litlhoko tse ncha tsa ho netefatsa hore lihlahisoa tsa kaho li raloa le ho hlahisoa hore li tšoarelle nako e telele, li lokisoe habonolo, li sebelisoe hape 'me ho be bonolo ho li etsa hape.

Moetsi o tlameha ho:

² Fana ka lintlha tsa tikoloho mabapi le bophelo ba sehlahisoa

² Rala le ho etsa dihlahiswa ka tsela e thusang ho sebediswa hape, ho e etsa hape le ho e sebedisa hape.

² Lisebelisoa tse ka sebelisoang hape lia khethoa

² Fana ka litaelo tsa ho sebelisa le ho sebeletsa sehlahisoa

Ho fokotsa litšila

EU e sebetsa letotong la mehato ea ho matlafatsa le ho kenya ts'ebetsong melao ea litšila ea EU ho ea pele.

Lipheo tsa phokotso ea litšila

Taelo ea moralo oa litšila, e sebetsang ho tloha ka Phupu 2020, e beha melao bakeng sa linaha tseo e leng litho ho:

² Ka 2025, eketsa sekgahla sa tshebediso le ho sebediswa ha matlakala a masepala ka 55%

² Netefatsa hore ho na le pokello e arohaneng ea masela hore a sebelisoe hape, a lokisetsoe ho sebelisoa hape le ho sebelisoa hape ka la 1 Pherekhong 2025.

² Netefatsa hore ho na le pokello e arohaneng ea litšila tsa tlhaho bakeng sa ho sebelisoa hape, ho itokisetsa ho sebelisoa hape le ho sebelisoa hape mohloling ka la 31 Tšitoe 2023.

² Finyella lipehelo tse khethehileng tsa ho sebelisoa hape bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho paka ka 2025 le 2030

Sebaka se se nang chefo

Ho tloha 2020, leano la lik'hemik'hale tsa EU bakeng sa ts'ebetso e ikemiselitse ho thusa ho netefatsa hore lik'hemik'hale li bolokehile bakeng sa bophelo bo botle ba batho le tikoloho.

² Ka la 24 Mphalane 2022, tlasa leano la ts'ebetso ea moruo, EU e ile ea amohela tokiso ea melaoana.holim'a litšila tse sa khaotseng tsa lintho tse phelang(PoPs), lik'hemik'hale tse kotsi tse ka fumanoang litšila tse tsoang lihlahisoa tsa bareki (mohlala, masela a sa keneleng metsi, li-plastiki, le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki).

Melao e mecha e ikemiselitse hofokotsa litekanyetso tsa ho tsepamisa mohopolobakeng sa boteng ba li-PoP ka litšila, e leng ntho ea bohlokoa moruong oa selikalikoe, moo litšila li tla sebelisoa ka ho eketsehileng e le lisebelisoa tsa bobeli tse tala.

² Ka Phuptjane 2023, Lekgotla le ile la amohela boemo ba lona ba ditherisano mabapi le tokiso ya ho hlopha, ho ngola le ho paka melao ya dikhemikhale e sisintsweng ke Khomishene. Mehato e sisintsweng e kenyeletsa melao e ikgethang bakeng sa dihlahiswa tsa dikhemikhale tse ka tlalwang hape tse tla thusa ho fokotsa diphutheho tse ding.

Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa bobeli

Lekhotla le amohetse molao oa bohlokoa oa thepa e tala, o ikemiselitseng ho matlafatsa methati eohle ea ketane ea bohlokoa ea thepa e tala ea Europe ho kenyeletsoa ka ho ntlafatsa potoloho le ho e sebelisa hape.

Lekhotla la EU le Paramente li fihletse tumellano ea nakoana mabapi le ketso ena ka Pulungoana 2023. Melao e mecha e thehile sepheo sa bonyane 25% ea tšebeliso ea selemo le selemo ea thepa e tala ea EU e tsoang ho recycle recycle.

thomello ea litšila

Lekhotla le babuelli ba Paramente ea Europe ba fihletse tumellano ea nakoana ea lipolotiki ea ho nchafatsa taolo ea thomello ea litšila ka Pulungoana 2023. Melao e amohetsoe ka molao ke Lekhotla ka Hlakubele 2024. Ke ho laola hamolemo khoebo ea litšila ka har'a EU le ka bao e seng - Linaha tsa EU.

² Ho etsa bonnete ba hore thomello ea litšila kantle ho naha ha e senye tikoloho le bophelo ba batho

² Ho sebetsana le thomello e seng molaong

Taolo ena e ikemiselitse ho fokotsa thomello ea litšila tse nang le bothata ho ea kantle ho EU, ho nchafatsa mekhoa ea thomello ho bonts'a merero ea moruo oa potoloho, le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso. E khothalletsa tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa litšila ka hare ho EU.

Kakaretso

EU e khothalelitse letoto la mehato ea leano, joalo ka molao o mocha oa betri, melaoana ea moralo oa tikoloho, tokelo ea ho lokisa (R2R), taelo ea charger ea universal, joalo-joalo, ho khothaletsa tšebeliso e tsitsitseng ea lihlahisoa, e ikemiselitseng ho qala tseleng. ea phetoho ea botala le ho fihlela sepheo sa ho se nke lehlakore ka boemo ba leholimo ka 2050. Melaoana ea EU ea moruo oa tikoloho e amana haufi-ufi le lik'hamphani tsa tlhahiso. Likhamphani tse amehang tse nang le litlhoko tsa kantle ho naha ho tsoa EU li lokela ho ela hloko maemo a leano la EU ka nako e nepahetseng le ho etsa liphetoho.